Intertextuality

The referencing of one text in another.

John Stuarts:
Theory, music videos "incorporated, raiding and reconstructing".

Julie Kristeva
Theory, "any text is the absorption".

David Fincher is a film graduate and a great example of a direct that has used this. He was noticed by his music videos. These videos consistently use intertextual references for example in this music video, The Rolling Stones - Love Is Strong, it seem he has given a reference to 1954 Godzilla. This is because he has played with proportion/size and is shot in black and white. This is saying that the audience of The Rolling Stones are film lovers and are also male oriented due to the fact Godzilla is a male targeted film.

Another example of Fincher using this technique is in the music video, Oh Father by Madonna, a Hitchcock inspired shot is used by casting a shadow onto the face of the subject. This is used

Goodwin's Music Video Analysis

He wrote a book, "Dancing in the Distraction Factory", 1992.

His Theories
- Music videos demonstrate genre characteristics (e.g Stage performance in metal band, dance routine for boy/girl band).

Green Day - 21 Guns Music video





- There is a relationship between lyrics and visuals (either illustrative, amplifying, contradicting).

Keane - Somewhere Only We Know
The lyrics are, "I came across a fallen tree", while a car come across an array of trees (some fallen over)




- There is a relationship between music and visual ( either illustrative, amplifying, contradicting).

Supergrass - Alright
The music is very up beat while people are enjoying the sunny weather.




-  The demands of the record label will include the need for lots of close ups of the artist and the artist may develop motifs which recur across their work. (a visual style).

Kylie Minogue - Can't Get You Out of My Head






- There is frequently reference to notion of looking (screens within screens, telescope, etc) and particular voyeuristic treatment of the female body.

Green Day - American Idiot






-There is often intertextual reference (to film, TV programmes, other music videos etc).

Lily Allen - Alfie
Copy of the Looney Tunes title sequence